What Is Sound Masking

January 26th, 2018

In this post, we will be talking about Sound Masking, a way to increase privacy in the workplace.

Many modern office spaces are designed with an open layout. The idea behind the open concept is to increase collaboration within the organization. These open spaces often increase workflow by allowing each team member easy access to one another. There are drawbacks to the open concept, and that is lack of privacy.

Sound Travels

Sound is a wave that spreads out in all directions from a source. Walls block it, soft surfaces absorb it and it’s reflected by hard surfaces. Some sounds can cover it up. But unimpeded, sound can travel pretty far.

Even soft sounds are easy to hear if there’s nothing to cover or otherwise impede the sound from being detected by your ears.

What is Sound Masking?

Sound Masking is the addition of an unstructured sound to an environment that fills in the sound spectrum and makes the structured sound of human speech less intelligible. Less intelligible speech = privacy. Usually it’s an un-intrusive sound like airflow, similar to a typical modern HVAC system. The Philm Gear Team can customize for your open work spaces.

 Achieving Speech Privacy

Block, Absorb or Cover are three ways that can improve your acoustic environment and achieve the necessary privacy. Sound waves can be blocked by using high-STC-rated panels, partitions, windows and walls. Sound can be absorbed by using a high-NRC-rated ceiling tile or acoustic wall panels. Sound can be covered by using a source of unstructured–NOT music which is structured and therefore distracting–low-level background sound, known as Sound Masking or white noise.

Most office environments will require some combination of these three tools to provide an acoustically pleasing atmosphere. In most cases, no one tool by itself will solve your privacy needs, however, covering or Sound Masking provides the greatest increase in privacy per dollar invested. It’s even more effective if used in conjunction with the proper mixture of Absorption and Blocking components in order to achieve specific speech privacy levels.

We Meet The 5 Criteria For Comfort

  • Broadband sound 65hz – 13Khz
  • Good wraparound, no noticeable repeat
  • Multiple noise sources, randomness is relaxing
  • Uniformity of sound, +/- 1dB
  • Tuning Flexibility, easily adjusted for privacy and comfort

Our Sound Masking Solutions Provide

  • Virtually limitless zoning capabilities, easy expansion, and complete system access with the click of the remote or mouse, on site, off-site or around the world.
  • It is best for 20,000 square feet to projects requiring multiple facilities / campus wide installations.
  • A networked system with plug and play components with real time system access, control, monitoring, and reporting.
  • Provides point-by-point technical advantages in tuning, control and coverage.

Our solutions will give you both individualized and central speaker control. Most Sound Masking systems need to be attended to regularly and maintained annually to keep from degrading over time. We ensure sound uniformity with no re-tuning requirements.

Most offices have multiple distinct sound signatures (Such as a call center vs. reception area) unlike the competition, our sound masking levels can be customized to areas as small as 225 sq. ft. Most other systems mask in half- or full-floor zones. Because Spectra systems can be so finely tuned, you can be confident in uniform, comfortable speech privacy.

All Sound Masking solutions by Philm Gear are UL Listed so that you can be confident that your system will meet code requirements.

 Knowing the Codes

NFPA72: Fire Alarm & Signaling and UL 2572 / ULC-S576

Sound masking systems installed in mid- to large-sized projects where NFPA72 is enforced must be UL Certified by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL). The reasoning behind this requirement is sound masking systems impede on the annunciation of emergency communications systems. UL 2572 and ULC-S576 are the US and Canadian testing standards, respectively, for approved equipment performance in mass notification systems. In order to certify that a system can perform the sound masking shutdown sequence requirement, the system control panel interfacing with the Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP) must pass UL 2572 and/or ULC-S576. Any sound masking control panel connected directly with a FACP must be monitored to insure shutdown in the event of an emergency. Following are specifics extracted from   the codes and the testing procedures highlighting the necessities to insure life safety:

NFPA72 2010 – 2016 versions states:

  • Chapter 3: Emergency Communications Systems — Combination. 3.3.86 Various emergency communication systems such as fire alarm, mass notification, fire fighter communications, area of refuge communications, elevator communications, or others that can be served through a single control system or through an interconnection of several control systems.

 

  • 3.95.1 (2010) / 3.3.103.1 (2016) Combination System. A fire alarm system in which components are used, in whole or in part, in common with a non-fire signaling system.

 

  • 3.3.95.1 (2010) / A.3.3.103.1 (2016) Examples of non-fire systems are security, card access control, closed circuit television, sound reinforcement, background music, paging, and sound  masking.

 

  • Chapter 10: Fundamentals. The scope of this chapter includes requirements for equipment suitability and compatibility, power supplies, signal distinction and priority and distinction of signals, signal indication, fundamental equipment performance, protection of fire alarm systems, annunciation and annunciation zoning, monitoring integrity of power supplies, and impairments.

 

  • Chapter 12: Circuits and Pathways. Addresses the performance and survivability characteristics of pathways (interconnections) used in fire alarm and signaling systems.

 

  • 6.1 Unless otherwise permitted or required by 12.3.1 through 12.3.7 and 12.6.3 through 12.6.13, all means of interconnecting equipment, devices, and appliances and wiring connections shall be monitored for the integrity of the interconnecting conductors or equivalent path so that the occurrence of a single open or a single ground-fault condition    in the installation conductors or other signaling channels is automatically indicated within 20   seconds.

 

  • Chapter 18: Notification Appliances. 18.4.3.5 A signaling system arranged to stop or reduce ambient noise shall comply with 18.4.3.5.1 through 18.4.3.5.3.

 

  • 4.3.5.3 Relays, circuits, or interfaces necessary to stop or reduce ambient noise shall meet the requirements of Chapters 10, 12, 21, and 23.

 

  • Chapter 23: Protected Premises Fire Alarm Systems. As a minimum, where fire alarm systems SLCs are shared with other systems, the requirements of 23.8.2.6 and 23.8.4.3 apply and wiring for other systems must comply with the requirements of the NEC. Special care must be taken to ensure that the function or malfunction of other systems does not interfere with the operation of the fire alarm system.

 

  • Chapter 23: While fire alarm systems are permitted to share circuits with non-fire alarm systems or components, the circuits are required to be arranged such that operation of the non-fire alarm system equipment or a non-fire alarm system component does not impair the operation of the fire alarm system. Extensive testing may be required to ensure that this requirement is met under all possible operating conditions and all possible combinations of events.

 

  • Chapter 24: Emergency Communications System. 24.2.1 The systems covered under 24 are for the protection of life by indicating the existence of an emergency situation and communicating information necessary to facilitate an appropriate response and action.

 

  • 24.3.7 Conflicting or competing signals or messages from different systems could be very confusing to occupants and have a negative impact on the intended occupant response. Where independent systems using audible and/or visible notification are present, the emergency communications system needs to interface with those systems to effect related control actions such as deactivating both audible and visible notification appliances.

 

  • 5.1.1 Interconnection of protected premises emergency control functions with the mass notification systems shall comply with Chapter 21.

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) has designed certification tests (UL 2572 and ULC-S576) in order to ensure a product achieves a minimum level of performance to work with and not damage a fire alarm control panel in addition to being reliable. Successfully passing the battery of tests to achieve the certification helps insure product performance in the actual event of an emergency. The equipment must be capable to perform its intended functions in all environmental conditions to meet life   safety codes.

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

The ADA ensures access to the built environment for people with disabilities. The ADA Standards establish design requirements for the construction and alteration of facilities subject to the law. These enforceable standards apply to places of public accommodation, commercial facilities, and state and local government   facilities.

NFPA 72 recognizes the ADA and references it in the code:

A.10.12 it is the intent that both visual and audible appliances are shut off when the notification appliance silence feature is activated on the fire alarm control unit. Per the ADA, it is important not to provide conflicting signals for the hearing or visually impaired.

18.5 The Americans with Disabilities Act and Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility (ADA/ABA) Guidelines references NFPA 72. The ADA/ABA and ADAAG continue to trigger upgrades of existing fire alarm systems. Almost all local jurisdictions have adopted some form of accessibility code or have incorporated the concepts directly into their building and fire codes, which then reference and require use of NFPA 72.